|
Five
Areas You Need to Explain to a Muslim
There are five major issues which must first be
explained and worked through with a Muslim before you will be able to go back
and say, "Here is how you can become a Christian":
-
The Authenticity of the Bible
-
The consistency of God's revelation
-
Why Christians believe Jesus is the Son of God
-
Did Jesus really die on the cross?
-
The Trinity
Again, you need to take necessary time to explain
each of these issues. Once, I worked with a Muslim for a period of over two
years. On many occasions we would have all-day meetings, from morning until
evening, discussing these things. There will be times when you think you're not
getting across to your contact; however, this is not true. As someone once
said, "It's not strange for a Muslim to hear the Gospel more than fifty times
before it starts to make sense to him."
1. The Authenticity of the Bible
The Muslims claim that both the Old and New
Testaments have been changed, and that the Bible is, therefore, not
trustworthy. For this reason they believe it was necessary for God to give
another book, the Koran, to replace it. They believe that the Koran contains
the essence of all the heavenly books, including the Old and New Testaments.
A. Can the Word of God really be changed? In
addressing this issue, it is important to direct the Muslim's attention to the
fact that the Bible is God's Word. The following are a few good questions you
might consider when asking your Muslim friend:
-
If the Bible is God's Word, how could man change
it?
-
Isn't God able to protect His Word from being
changed?
-
Since the Bible is God's Word, whom are we accusing
when we say it's been changed? Aren't we accusing God Himself by saying that He
was not able to protect it from being changed?
-
Who changed the Bible? When was it changed?
-
Which parts were changed? And for what reason?
By asking him such questions, you will find out that
he does not have answers to any of them. The Muslim simply says, "It was
changed," and that just shows that he has absolutely no proof or evidence to
support his allegations.
B. What does the Bible say regarding itself?
Because the Muslim agrees that the Bible is God's
Word, you may also want to direct his attention to what it says about itself:
Mathew 5:1 "...until heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by any means
disappear from the Law until everything is accomplished."
Mathew 24:35 "Heaven and earth will pass away, but my Word will not pass away."
1 Peter 1:24, 25 "...the grass withers and the flowers fall off, but the Word of the Lord abides forever."(Also Isaiah 40:8)
1 Timothy 3:16 "All scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in
righteousness."
2 Peter 1:21 "For no prophecy was ever made by an act of human but men moved by the Holy Spirit spoke from God."
C. What does the Koran say about the Bible?
The Koran itself does not say the Bible has been
changed. In fact, it says that unless one obeys the Torah and the Bible, they
are nothing. It mentions the Torah and the "Zabur" (the Old Testament with the
Psalms) and the "Injil" (which is the New Testament) many times. When the Koran
was written, no mention was made of the Bible having been changed. Thus, when
Islam began in the 6th century, 600 years after Jesus Christ, the Bible was
accepted as true.
D. What about the issue of translation?
The Bible we have in our hands today was translated
form the original languages of Hebrew and Greek. Whether it was printed in
1999, 1970 or 1950 it was translated form the original language. We have a
complete Bible that dates back to the Third century A.D 300 years after Christ
and 400 years before Islam. It is a complete, original Bible and we have
several of these in existence: one in a museum in London and another in the
Vatican in Rome.
However, someone may say, "Well, maybe it was
changed before the year 300." We have thousands of original copies of various
sections of the Bible that date back to before the year 300. If these pieces
were put together, the result would be hundreds, if not thousands of complete
Bibles dating back to before the year 300. The oldest of these manuscripts
dates back to around the year 100 AD. We also know that the first books of the
New Testament were written in 40 or 50 AD. Evidence of this may be found in the
writing s of the Church Fathers, by whom many books and articles were written
prior to 100 AD. The entire New Testament, with exception of five sentences
that have nothing to do with theology or doctrine, can be reconstructed from
the quotes of the church fathers found in these writings. In essence, we have
the original copies from the same times as the writings of the Apostles who
wrote by inspiration of the Holy Spirit.
What is interesting is that in the days of Christ,
the region of the Middle East where Christ was born and brought up was under
the influence of Greek civilization. The Greek judiciary system required two
witnesses to appear before a judge to bring evidence in a trial. God in His
sovereignty, however, has provided us with four witnesses, all of whom are in
agreement concerning the events of the life of Christ. II Corinthians 13:1 says, "... every fact is to be confirmed by the testimony of two or three witnesses."
Finally, the Bible is not a scientific book, but
where it mentions science it is accurate. It is not a history book, but where
it mentions anything historic it is again accurate. It is not a geography book,
but where it mentions geography it has proven to be true and accurate. The
Bible, as it is in our hands to day, is the true Word of God and is able to
stand up to any type of test, research, or criticism.
2. The consistency of God's revelation
In the Muslim mind, God has established three
religions over the course of history: Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Muslims
believe that He first sent Moses to establish Judaism, but because the Jews
were a stiff-necked, disobedient people He scattered them all over the world
and sent Jesus, the Son of Mary, to establish Christianity. By the fifth
century, however, Christianity had become so corrupt that God sent Mohammed to
establish Islam, His last and final revelation. Muslims believe that Islam
includes both Judaism and Christianity and they say that even Abraham was a
Muslim. In their mind, Islam is everything and everything is Islam. What we
need to explain to the Muslims - and it is not an easy task - is that God was
consistent in His revelation and will continue to be so until the end.
God's primary purpose was not to establish a
religion; religions are man-made. Rather, he desired to establish a personal
relationship between Himself and man. This is the message of the entire Gospel.
The first two chapters in the Bible speak about creation, including that of man
and woman. In the third, we read about the fall of man into sin. From the
fourth chapter of Genesis through the end of the book of Revelation the primary
message of God's Word is that of Salvation.
There is a very important passage in Genesis 3:14-15 is which God confronts Adam and Eve regarding their sin: And the Lord God said to the serpent, "Because you
have done this, cursed are you more than all cattle, and more than every beast
of the field; on your belly you shall go, and dust shall you eat all the days
of your life; 'And I will put enmity between you and the woman, And between
your seed and her seed; He shall bruise you on the head, And you shall bruise
him on the heel."
Take time to explain this passage. Muslims already
believe in the story of Adam and Eve, the creation and the fall. They also
believe that Satan appeared in the shape of a serpent and tried to seduce the
woman to eat from the fruit that she succumbed to temptation and ate, and then
gave some of the fruit to her husband to eat. The key point here, however, is
God's promise: "... the seed of the woman shall bruise the head of Satan." If
you ask a Muslim, "Who form the time of Adam and Eve until today was indeed
only born from a woman and not the union of a man and a woman?", they will say
"Jesus". They know this and believe it. Explain who the seed of the woman is,
and also God's promise - that from the seed of the woman He would destroy Satan
and redeem man. Explain that this promise, given the moment man fell into sin,
was fulfilled by Jesus Christ.
You can also show how the prophets pointed their
prophecies toward the coming of Christ. His coming was, from the beginning,
part of God's plan:
Isaiah 7:14 "Behold, the virgin shall be found with child and bear a son, and she will call his name Emmanuel."
Isaiah 9:6 "For a child will be born to us, a son will be given to us, and the government will rest on his shoulders; and his
name will be called Wonderful, Counselor, Mighty God, Eternal Father, Prince of
Peace."
Mathew 1:23 "Behold, the virgin shall be with child, and shall bear a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which
translated means, 'God with us'."
3. Why we believe Jesus is the Son of God
Is Jesus really the Son of God? The moment you begin
speaking to a Muslim, typically the first and most offensive objection they
have is that we say that Jesus is the Son of God. This is because when we say
"Son of God", they think we are talking about a physical son (God having sexual
relations with Mary), and this is blasphemy. We, too, believe this is
blasphemy. You must clarify to th Muslim that when we say "Son of God", we do
not believe that God ever had a physical relationship with a woman to have His
son.
In explaining the Sonship of Christ to the
Muslim, we need to tell them that Jesus is the Son of God from a spiritual
point of view, not a physical one. Jesus is not the physical offspring of God.
Refer to Luke chapter 1 and read together verses 26 through 35, about how the
angel brought the news to Mary that she would conceive and give birth to a son.
Pinpoint these important words to him: "The Holy Spirit will come upon you...
So the holy one to be born will be called the Son of God." He is not the
physical son of God, but we call him the Son of God because he came from the
Spirit of God. Therefore, he is not the physical son, but "He shall be called
the Son of God." Underline these words for him.
The second concept you need to understand and
explain to the Muslim is that, especially in the Arabic version of th Bible,
there is a big difference between the words "son" of God, and "child" of God.
In Arabic, there are the words "ibn" and "walad". "Ibn" means "son" and "walad"
means "child". "Ibn" refers to the child you adopt; "walad" means it was born
to you. This is why we never call Jesus in Arabic "Walad Allah." We call him
"Ibn Allah", meaning he came from God. If the person you are sharing with is an
Arab, ask him, "What is the difference between 'ibn' and 'walad'?" Let him
think - see what he comes up with, and then explain the difference.
There is one other logical illustration you might
give to a Muslim. In Arabic, the phrase "son of..." is used to signify where
one is from. For instance, I am from Lebanon, and am often called a "Son of
Lebanon." A man from Morocco would be called a "Son of Morocco." And because
the Nile is the most famous part of Egypt, an Egyptian will often be called
"Son of the Nile." One could also be called "Son of Education", meaning that he
is a very well educated person. The phrase may also be used to express one's
main interest. In the same way, Christ is called "Son of God" because He came
from the Spirit of God.
4. Did Jesus really die on the cross?
A. Does the Koran refute Christ's crucifixion?
Muslims do not believe that Jesus died on the cross.
There is a verse in the Koran which says, "They killed Him not, they crucified
Him not, but it was likened unto them. They killed Him not knowingly, but God
raised Him and God is the most merciful of merciful." 90% of the time, the
Muslim will tell me immediately, "But they killed Him not, they crucified Him
not!" In the Muslim's mind, this verse is saying that God was so merciful that
He could never allow a wonderful prophet such as Jesus to be crucified by His
enemies. They believe God saved Him, and lifted Him up to heaven. God then
punished Judas Iscariot, who had betrayed Him the night before, by changing him
into the likeness of Christ. Muslims believe it was Judas, not Christ, who was
crucified and they say this in defense of a prophet whom they consider to be
great and wonderful. They say this out of zeal and respect for Jesus.
In explaining the second part of the Koranic verse,
which says, "They killed Him not knowingly", you can remind the person you're
sharing with of the attitude the Jews held toward Christ. When Jesus was taken
to the Roman governor, they did not believe He was the Messiah. They wanted to
get rid of Him. So by saying, "They killed Him not knowingly", the Koranic
verse is simply saying they killed Him without knowing He was the Messiah.
B. The Biblical prophecy and necessity of
Christ's crucifixion.
The issue of Christ's death on the cross also brings
us back to the verses in Genesis 4, we see how God accepted Abel's sacrifice, the lamb, but rejected Cain's sacrifice, which was the fruit of his labor.
Explain to the person with whom you are sharing that the lamb is a substitute
for man and represents the coming of Christ. The fruit of Cain's labor was
representative simply of good works, and was not sufficient to meet God's
requirement.
In Genesis 22, Abraham takes his son as a sacrifice in obedience to God's command: And He said, "Take now your son, your only son,
whom you love, Isaac, and go to the land of Mariah; and offer him there as a
burnt offering on one of the mountains of which I will tell you." (GGenesis 22). What does this mean? Why would God have asked such a thing? Discuss the passage together, focusing especially on
the picture of God providing a ram miraculously as a substitute for Abraham's
son. Abraham had lifted his knife and was ready to kill his son, but what
happened instead? He heard a voice saying, "Abraham! ... Do not stretch out
your hand against the lad, and do nothing to him; for now I know that you fear
God, since you have not withheld your son, your only son, from Me." (Genesis 22:12). What would have happened had Abraham not listened? His son would have been killed. But Abraham believed and
took instead the ram, which he sacrificed in the place of his son. You can
explain that the ram represents Jesus Christ, and we can look back 20000 years
ago and see Him on the cross for you and me. Turn to John 1:29, where John the Baptist proclaims, "Behold! The Lamb of God who takes the sins of the world!" Jesus is the Lamb of
God.
In addressing the issue of Christ's death further, I
strongly suggest you read through Isaiah 53, which very clearly speaks about the coming of Christ and the redemption of mankind - Jesus Himself bearing our sins
on the cross, He being the sacrifice. The entire chapter talks about Jesus, but
you should focus especially on Isaiah 53:4-12. Take time to underline all the prophecies regarding Him. If possible, let the person you're sharing with read
the passage for them self, out loud. I have had dozens and dozens of Muslims
read that chapter aloud and every time I ask them, "Who do you think the
prophet Isaiah is talking about here?" No one has ever given a wrong answer.
They say, "It is Jesus, son of Mary. Christians Arabs call him "Yassoua," which
is taken from "Yashoua," the Hebrew name for Jesus, while Muslims call Him
"Issa," taken from "Yssus," the Greek name for Jesus. Take this opportunity to
show him that what was prophesied in Isaiah was fulfilled in the person of
Christ nearly 600 years later.
Another important thing to point out here is that
"the Lord was pleased" (verse 10) to offer Christ as a sacrifice for man's sin.
God is just; He said in Romans 6:23, "For the wages of sin is death," which is eternal separation from God. However, God is also merciful. He would not
allow the whole world to go to hell. From the moment man fell, the death of
Christ was planned as the solution for sin.
Now there are those who would question the necessity
of Christ's death on the cross, citing good works as a means of atonement for
one's sin. But suppose I stole your watch and you caught me, brought me to the
police and turned me in. Suppose further that because of this, the police
sentenced me to five days in jail. Could I get out by saying "Wait a minute. I
bought him lunch yesterday, paid for his subway and everything!" Would the
police accept it? Of course not! It's not logical. Good works alone are not
sufficient payment for one's crimes.
I will often use the illustration of the just judge:
A judge is sitting in the courtroom, wearing his judicial robe, and a young
girl stand before him. She has been charged with driving without a license and
speeding down the highway, for which the penalty is ten thousand francs. He
points his finger at her and asks, "Are you guilty or not?" To which she
answers, "Yes, Your Honor: But I cannot afford to pay the penalty." The judge,
however, tells her, "You must pay!" And with that dismisses the court. He then
steps down from the bench, takes off his robe and gives the girl ten thousand
francs. Why? Because he is her father, and while he could not dishonor his name
by letting her go free, he is also merciful and loving and could not bear to
see her put in jail because of her inability to pay. The only solution,
therefore, is for him to pay the penalty himself.
In the same way, we can see how Christ has paid the
penalty for our sin in Philippians 2:5-11: Christ, being equal with God, nevertheless emptied Himself, taking off the robe of heavenly glory and
coming down as a man to bear the cross. At the cross, the justice and the mercy
of God met together, and both were satisfied. Ask the person with whom you are
sharing, "What would you think of God if for thousands of years He promised
that Jesus would come and die for the sins of the world, and at the last
moment, when Jesus was about to be put on the cross, He took him alive and
changed Judas into the image of Christ? Does this description fit the God we
know?" Not only would this make God out to be a liar, but also there would have
been no provision for man's sin! Jesus was the only sacrifice sufficient for
man's salvation.
C. If Jesus died on the cross, and if Jesus is
God, does that mean that God died on the cross also?
In the Gospel of John 4, we are told that God is Spirit. In the original Hebrew language, Spirit is "roh." from this word, the word "rihe" is
taken, which is also the air in the atmosphere. Air is everywhere. Though you
cannot see it, you know it is present: you can feel it, you breathe it, even
though it has no color or shape. The same thing is true with the Spirit of God
- He is present everywhere.
If you take an empty bottle, you know that it is
empty of any liquid, yet it is filled with air. The air that's inside the
bottle, furthermore, has taken the shape of the bottle, even though the air has
no shape. The characteristics of the air inside the bottle are identical to the
air outside the bottle. The fact that there is air inside the bottle does not
mean there is none outside the bottle, because air exists everywhere in the
atmosphere. Now, if you were to take the bottle today, and smash it against the
wall, it would break into hundreds of little pieces. It would be shattered. Can
we say that the air inside the bottle would also be shattered? No. Only the
vessel that contained the air has been shattered.
The same thing took place when God, who is Spirit,
dwelt among us in the body of Jesus Christ. God took the likeness of man. That
does not mean that He no longer existed. Rather, like the air when it filled
the bottle, God still exists everywhere. Furthermore, Jesus' crucifixion on the
cross does not mean that God was killed, but rather that the body, which
contained the Spirit of God, was killed. God has always existed, even during
the three days in which Jesus was dead in the tomb. This is exactly what the
Apostle Paul has written in his epistle to the Philippians 2:5-11:
"Have this attitude in yourselves, which was also in
Christ Jesus, who, although He existed in the form of God, did not regard
equality with God a thing to be grasped, but emptied Himself, taking the form
of a bond-servant, and being made in the likeness of men. And being found in
appearance as a man, He humbled Himself by becoming obedient to the point of
death, even death on a cross. Therefore, also God highly exalted Him, and
bestowed on Him the name which is above every name, that at the name of Jesus
every knew should bow, of those who are in heaven, and on earth, and under the
earth, and that every tongue should confess that Jesus is Lord."
5. The Trinity
The final major issue which must be addressed with
the Muslim is that of the Trinity. Muslims often say, "You Christians believe
in three different gods - God the Father, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit. That is
blasphemy! One cannot believe in three different gods."
The task of helping a Muslim understand the Trinity
is not an easy one- there are even many Christians who have a hard time
explaining it. Take a molecule of h2O for example: It manifests
itself in three different forms, liquid water, solid ice and vaporous steam;
but it is the same substance. Others use the sun illustration: the glowing ball
of gasses itself, the source, as representing God the Father; the radiating
light represents Christ, the light of the world; and the heat that we feel
representing the work of the Holy Spirit.
Regardless of which illustration you use, it's
important to use the Word of God itself. Begin by establishing our belief in
only one God - 1 Corinthians 8:4 says, "there is no God but one," - and then follow up with sharing as many verses as possible which
illustrate the Trinity.
In conclusion
Please remember that this is not an argument we are
trying to win, nor are we out to prove the other person wrong. Rather, it is
the Gospel we wish to share and explain to the Muslim. Avoid all forms of
arguments and debates and seek to explain the Gospel and answer any questions a
Muslim may have, especially pertaining to the five basic issues discussed here.
As Peter said in his epistle:
1 Peter 3:15 "...but sanctify Christ as Lord in your hearts, always being ready to make a defense to everyone who asks you to
give an account for the hope that is in you, yet with gentleness and
reverence."
As we give an answer, let us trust that the Word of
God, which is living and active, will minister to our friends through the power
of the Holy Spirit and lead them to know the Way, the Truth, and the life
through Jesus Christ our Lord.
|